Semester II Final Exam Review -
____ and other radio waves are used in communications.
____ are the most penetrating kind of electromagnetic radiation.
____ are thick in the middle and thin at the edges.
____ is the bending of waves around a barrier.
A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is ____.
A chemical bond that occurs when atoms share electrons is ____ bond.
A chemical family whose members exist as diatomic molecules in the gaseous phase is the ____.
A chemical reaction in which energy is released is ____.
A chemical symbol represents the ____ of an element.
A circuit that has two or more separate paths for electrons to follow is a(n) ____.
A compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base is a ____.
A compound that is made up only of carbon and hydrogen is called ____.
A diffraction grating can be used to ____.
A family of elements that contains the most reactive metals is the ____.
A family of elements that has two electrons in its outer energy level is the ____.
A gaslike mixture with no definite volume or shape that is made up of positively and negatively charged particles is a ____.
A hydrocarbon in which all of the carbon atoms are joined to other carbon atoms by single covalent bonds is ____ hydrocarbon.
A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an -OH group is ____.
A hydrocarbon that has one or more double or triple bonds is ____ hydrocarbon.
A material made from dried clay or claylike mixtures is ____.
A material that is designed to have some properties of a ceramic and some properties of a metal is called ____.
A material through which electrons do NOT readily flow is ____.
A mixture of a metal and one or more other elements is ____.
A mixture that is made when one material is embedded into another material is called ____.
A molecule that is positively charged on one end and negatively charged on the other end is ____.
A particle that moves around the nucleus is ____.
A path created for a current that allows only one route for the current is called a ____.
A process that uses a solution of known concentration to find the concentration of another solution is called ____.
A reaction between an acid and a base that produces a salt and water is a ____ reaction.
A solution with a bitter taste and a slippery feel is most likely a(n)____.
A substance that does NOT conduct an electric current when it forms a solution is ____.
A substance that produces H+ ions in a solution is a(n)____.
A substance that produces OH- ions in a solution is a(n)____.
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without undergoing a permanent change itself is ____.
A term that means "putting together" is ____.
Alcohol's are examples of ____.
All of the following are part of the electromagnetic spectrum EXCEPT ___.
An alloy that contains the element mercury is ____.
An echo is an example of ____.
An organic compound that has a characteristic -COOH group and -NH2 group is ____.
As a sample of matter is heated, its particles ____.
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called ____.
Bernoulli’s principle explains why ____.
Coffee has a pH of about 5. Coffee is ____.
Compounds that have identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes are called ____.
Different forms of the same element that have different properties because of different atom arrangements are called ____.
Each inner energy level of an atom has maximum numbers of ____ it can hold.
Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation is a ____.
Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation is a (n) ____.
Electric charge that has built up in one place is referred to as ____.
Electrical power for the Hubble Space Telescope is provided by ____.
Electromagnetic waves ____.
Electron dot diagrams are used to represent ____.
Elements in Groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table are called ____.
Elements that lie along the stair-step line of the periodic table are ____.
Fluorescent lightbulbs ____than incandescent lights.
Foils and automobile bodies are often made from alloys of ____.
H3O+ units are called ____.
HCl is the formula for ____.
Horizontal rows of the periodic table are called ____.
How many electrons are needed in the outer energy levels of most atoms for the atom to be chemically stable?
How many hydrogen atoms are present in one molecule of ammonium acetate, NH4C2H3O2?
Hydrochloric acid is sometimes used to remove impurities from metals in a process called ____.
Hydrogen is grouped with the alkali metals because it ____.
If the frequency of a wave decreases and the wavelength remains the same, the ____ of the wave will decrease.
If the source of a sound is moving away from you, the ____ of the waves reaching your ears decreases.
If thermal energy must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to take place, the reaction is ____.
In a solution, the substance that is being dissolved is the ____.
In a titration, the point where the indicator changes color is the ____.
Increasing the surface area of a solid ____.
Lightning is ____.
Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape is ____.
Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a ____.
Matter with no definite volume and no definite shape is a ____.
Most matter ____ when heated.
Most of the elements needed to make alloys are obtained from ____.
Numbers that precede symbols and formulas in a chemical equation are ____.
Nylon is an example of ____.
Objects containing heat can emit ____.
One cause of acid rain is the ____.
One disadvantage to ceramics is that they are ____.
Organic substances that change color in the presence of an acid or a base are called ____.
Plastics and synthetic fibers are sometimes called ___ products.
Resistance is measured in a unit called the ____.
Resistance is measured in a unit called the ____.
Solutions of electrolytes and metals are ____.
Substances that prevent chemical reactions are called ____.
Sunglasses with ____ lenses are used to reduce glare.
The ____ of a wave affects its intensity and amplitude.
The ____ of a wave is affected by the temperature of the medium it passes through.
The amount of energy needed to change a material from a solid state to the liquid state is called the heat of ____.
The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its ____.
The breaking down of a compound into simpler substances is ____.
The buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object is ____.
The color ___ is produced by blending the three primary pigments.
The concentration of a solution that contains much solute in the solvent could be described as ____.
The electromagnetic waves with the shortest wavelengths are ____.
The elements in Groups 3-12 of the periodic table are the ____.
The idea that matter is made up of small particles that are in constant motion is ____.
The idea that the volume of a gas increases with increasing temperature provided the pressure does NOT change is ____.
The image formed by a plane mirror is ____.
The individual molecules that make up a polymer are called ____.
The most common state of matter in the universe is a ____.
The most common use of ____ is in communications.
The only noble gas with fewer than eight electrons in its outer level is ____.
The oxidation number of an atom is shown with a ____.
The primary pigment colors are ____.
The process by which solid iodine particles change directly to a gas without first becoming a liquid is called ___.
The process by which the positive and negative ions of an ionic compound separate in water is called ____.
The rays of ____ light spread out as the light travels away from its source.
The statement that current is equal to the potential difference divided by the resistance is known as ____.
The strength of a base that only partly dissociates in a solution would be described as ____.
The structure of benzene can best be described as a ____.
The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is ____.
The terms dilute and concentrated refer to the ____ of a solution.
The wavelengths of ____ are slightly longer than those of visible light.
Three transition elements in Group 12 of the periodic table are ____.
What is name of the compound with the formula NaCl?
What is the charge of phosphate in K3PO4?
What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide?
What is the correct name for K2SO4?
What is the total number of atoms in the compound Ca(ClO3)2?
What kind of chemical bond is formed when electrons are transferred from atom to atom?
When one element displaces another element in a compound, the reaction is a ____ reaction.
When the acidity of a substance is determined by the hydronium ion concentration, the ____ of the substance is being calculated.
Whether an object will sink or float in a fluid is determined by ____.
Which of the following combinations would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
Which of the following groups is characteristic of an alcohol?
Which of the following is a device designed to open an overloaded circuit and prevent overheating?
Which of the following is the best indicator of the number of hydronium ions in a solution?
Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate electrical energy?
Which of the following is the correct formula for magnesium nitrate?
Which of the following is the correct relationship among power, current, and voltage?
Which of the following will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water?
Why do the noble gases NOT form compounds readily with any of the other compounds?
Matching:
A. atomic mass
B. Atomic number
C. Groups
D. Ion
E. Noble gases
F. Periods
G. Physical
H. The law of conservation of mass
When an atom gains or loses electrons, the charged particle that results is called an ____.
The ability of a substance to have a certain color is an example of a ____ property.
The law that describes the relationship between the mass of substances entering into chemical reaction and the mass of substances resulting
from that reaction is known as ____.
Elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table are called ____.
The number of protons in an atom is called the ____.
Elements arranged in horizontal rows in the periodic table are called ____.
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the ____.
A very stable electron arrangement in the outer energy level is characteristic of ____.
Problems:
1. A fixed quantity of gas at a constant temperature exhibits a pressure of 722 torr and occupies a volume of 29.7 L. Using
Boyle's law what is the volume the gas will occupy if the pressure is increased to 3.2 atm?
2. fixed quantity of gas at a constant pressure occupies a volume of 12.4 L at a temperature of 32.5 °C. Using Charles law
what is the volume the gas will occupy if the temperature is increased to 134 °C?
3. For an ideal gas, calculate the volume occupied by .073 moles of H2O at 123 °C and a pressure of 125 torr.
4. Using the ideal gas law calculate the pressure in atm’s of 270g of Sodium bicarbonate (NaCO3) with a volume of 1247ml
and a temperature of 34 °C.
5. Using Gay-Lussacs law calculate the temperature in °K of a sample of matter with a constant volume and a pressure of
34.6 atm at a temperature of 43 °C, if the pressure is decreased to 1140 torr.
6. Using the combined gas calculate the pressure of a sample of matter that has the volume of 24.7 L with a pressure of
22 atm at a temperature of 326 °K, if the temperature of the matter is raised to 143°C and the volume was increased to 54.3 L.
Fill in the blank:
For each of the following write the chemical formula for the compound.
Sodium phosphide ___________________
Chromic nitride ___________________
Diphosphorus trioxide ___________________
Hydroselenic acid ___________________
Iodic acid ___________________
Manganese (II) chloride ___________________
For each of the following write the name of the chemical formula.
Br2O7 ___________________
CCl4_____________________
Cs2O ___________________
HF ___________________
HgO ___________________
Mg3N2___________________